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¡¡(d) À¸»º¼Ô¤¬¤³¤Î£·¤Îµ¬Äê¤Ë´ð¤Å¤¯»ÙʧµÚ¤Ó£¸¤Îµ¬Äê¡Ê¼«Á³ºÒ³²¤Ë·¸¤ëµßºÑ¡Ë¤Ë´ð¤Å¤¯»Ùʧ¤òƱ°ì¤Îǯ¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¼õ¤±¤ë¾ì¹ç¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¤³¤ì¤é¤Î»Ùʧ¤ÎÁí³Û¤Ï¡¢À¸»º¼Ô¤Î»¼º¤ÎÁí³Û¤ÎÉ´¥Ñ¡¼¥»¥ó¥È°Ê¾å¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¤Ï¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¡£

»²¹Í2.¥¢¥á¥ê¥«¤¬CCP¤ò¡ØÀĤÎÀ¯ºö¡Ù¤È¤¹¤ëº¬µò¤È¤·¤Æ·Ç¤²¤Æ¤¤¤ëÇÀ¶È¶¨Äꥢ¡¼¥Æ¥£¥¯¥ë6.5(Article 6.5)¤Î¥É¡¼¥Ï¥é¥¦¥ó¥É¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ë²ò¼á¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ

¥¢¥á¥ê¥«¤ÏÇÀ¶È¶¨Äê6¹à5¹à(i)¡Ö°ìÄê¤ÎÌÌÀѵڤÓÀ¸»º¤Ë´ð¤Å¤¤¤Æ¹Ô¤ï¤ì¤ë»Ùʧ¡×(such payments are based on fixed area and yields)¤òº¬µò¤È¤·¤Æ¡¢CCP¤òÀĤÎÀ¯ºö¤È¤·¤Æ¸À¤¤Ä¥¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤¬¡¢¥É¡¼¥Ï¥é¥¦¥ó¥É¸ò¾Ä¤Ë¤ª¤¤¤Æ¤Ï¡¢¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£
¡ÖWTO agreement on agriculture: The blue box in the July 2004 framework agreement¡×(Ivan Roberts.abare eReport 2005.4)
http://www.abare.gov.au/publications_html/trade/trade_05/er05_wto.pdf

Extending blue box exemptions to include payments that¡¡do not require production and ways that these might be disciplined
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¢£ Allowing ¡Æpayments that do not require production¡Ç would introduce payments related to prices into the blue box.
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These payments currently¡¡ fall under the amber box. Such a¡¡change would make it easier for the United States to ¡Æachieve¡Çsubstantial cuts to its amber box payments.
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¢£ The new blue box provision would allow additional market distorting¡¡support and would weaken current WTO domestic support disciplines.
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It may also enable the United States to meet the Doha Round¡¡mandate of achieving ¡Æsubstantial reductions in domesticsupport¡Ç without having to change the form or actual level of¡¡support to US producers.
(¤µ¤é¤Ë¡¢¤µ¤ì¤Ï¡¢WTO¥É¡¼¥Ï¥é¥¦¥ó¥É¤Ë¤ª¤±¤ë¡Ø¹ñÆâ»Ù»ý¤Î¼Â¼ÁŪ¤Ê½Ì¸º¡×¤È¤¤¤¦Ì¿Âê¤Ë¡¢¥¢¥á¥ê¥«¤ò¤·¤Æ¡¢Å¬¹ç¤µ¤»¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ä¤Ê¤¬¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¡£)

¢£ Just stipulating that farmers do not need to produce to receive¡¡payments does not mean that those payments will not encourage¡¡additional production.
(ÇÀ̱¤¬Ä¾ÀÜ»Ùʧ¤¤¤ò¼õ¤±¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢À¸»º¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤òÍפ·¤Ê¤¤¤Èµ¬Äꤹ¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ï¡¢¤½¤ì¤é¤Î»Ùʧ¤¤¤¬¹¹¤Ê¤ëÄɲÃŪÀ¸»º¤ò¾©Î夷¤Ê¤¤¡¢¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤ò°ÕÌ£¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¡£)

¢£ If payments are related to prices, such as counter¡¡cyclical payments,they are likely to influence production.
(¤â¤·¡¢Ä¾ÀÜ»Ùʧ¤¤¤¬¡¢¥¢¥á¥ê¥«¤Î¥«¥¦¥ó¥¿¡¼¡¦¥µ¥¤¥¯¥ê¥«¥ë»Ùʧ¤¤¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¡¢²Á³Ê¤Ë´Ø·¸¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤¿¤Ê¤é¡¢)¤½¤ì¤é¤Î»Ùʧ¤¤¤Ï¡¢À¸»º¤Ë¤¿¤Ö¤ó¤Ë±Æ¶Á¤¹¤ë¤Ç¤¢¤í¤¦¡£)

¢£ The stipulation of fixed and unchanging bases in blue box criteriain the WTO negotiating agreement will help to limit market distortions arising from growers¡Ç expectations of changing bases in the¡¡future.
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¢£ The weakening of the WTO domestic support rules arising from the¡¡inclusion of the new blue box provision (allowing the inclusion of¡¡some forms of price related support) could be limited by placing¡¡further controls on such support.¡¡
(¡Ø¿·ÀĤÎÀ¯ºö¡Ù¾ò¹à¤Î¿·Àߤˤè¤Ã¤Æ¡¢²Á³Ê¤Ë´ØÏ¢¤·¤¿¹ñÆâ»Ù»ý¤¬¿²ÀĤÎÀ¯ºö¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤òµö¤·¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç¡¢WTO¤Î¹ñÆâ»Ù»ýµ¬À©¤¬¼å¤Þ¤Ã¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¤³¤È¤Ï¡¢¤½¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê»Ù»ý¤ËÂФ·¹¹¤Ê¤ë¥³¥ó¥È¥í¡¼¥ë¤ò¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ë¸Â³¦¤òÍ¿¤¨¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¦¡£)

The 5 per cent limit on blue box exemptions
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¢£ US counter¡¡cyclical payments could be included under the new¡¡provision in the negotiating agreement to allow blue box exemptions or payments where no production is required.
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Under present¡¡legislation these payments would be well below the proposed 5 percent limit.
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This is largely because the value of the items receiving support¡¡payments constitutes only about 25 per cent of the total value ofUS agricultural production.
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So the 5 per cent limit is equivalentto 20 per cent of the value of the supported activities.
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Maximum countercyclical payments are estimated at US$7billion a year, which is well below the 5 per cent limit which¡¡would vary between about US$9.2 billion and US$10.2 billiona year.
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Under present WTO provisions, the United States already has¡¡the ability to provide payments of over 40 per cent of the value¡¡of program crops even without the addition of the new blue boxexemption provision in the negotiating agreement.
(¸½ºß¤ÎWTO¤Î¾ò¹à¤Ë¤è¤ì¤Ð¡¢¥¢¥á¥ê¥«¤Ï¡¢¿·ÀĤÎÀ¯ºö¤ÎÎã³°¾ò¹à¤òÀߤ±¤Ê¤¯¤È¤â¡¢¤¹¤Ç¤Ë¡¢ ¥«¥¦¥ó¥¿¡¼¡¦¥µ¥¤¥¯¥ê¥«¥ë¡¦¥Ú¥¤¥á¥ó¥È¡¦¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤ÎÂоݺîʪ¤Î²ÁÃͤÎ40¥Ñ¡¼¥»¥ó¥È¤òĶ¤¨¤ë»Ùʧ¤¤Ç½ÎϤòÈ÷¤¨¤Æ¤¤¤ë¡£ )

¢£ The European Union is currently the largest user of blue box exemptions, with its most recently notified use being around 9 per centof its total value of agricultural production.
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This is well above the¡¡proposed 5 per cent cap.
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¢£ Under EU reforms, support is being restructured toward single farmpayments on which the European Union seems likely to seek green¡¡box exemptions on the grounds of decoupling.
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Such a transition¡¡could enable the European Union to manage its blue box payments¡¡to fall within the proposed 5 per cent cap.
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¢£ In recent years, EU support levels (as indicated by the Aggregate¡¡Measurement of Support) have been markedly below the European¡¡Union¡Çs permitted limits.
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This would appear to give the EuropeanUnion flexibility to offer marked cuts to AMS limits in the DohaRound without having to reduce its present levels of nonexempt¡¡domestic support.
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